Johann Friedrich Blumenbach wird wegen seiner wegweisenden Arbeiten über menschliche Populationen als „Vater der physischen Anthropologie“ bezeichnet. Given the inconsistency and errors in Bendyshe’s 1865 translations, they should not be unquestionably accepted as an accurate reflection of Blumenbach’s views. Furthermore, Bendyshe’s1865 translation regularly used the term ‘beauty’ to translate different Latin words that Blumenbach used to express his nuanced view of aesthetics and structural symmetry. This second translator also used English terms that denigrated extra-Europeans while adulating Europeans. The second translator was not consistent with the earlier translators. The first translator was consistent with five earlier English translations.
As documented herein, Bendyshe’s publication includes numerous translation errors which form a pattern indicating that he employed two translators. However, these modern authors relied largely on Thomas Bendyshe’s 1865 English translations of Blumenbach’s Latin and German texts. Since the 1990s, Londa Schiebinger and other Anglophone scholars have argued that Blumenbach’s writings on race show evidence that he was significantly influenced by nineteenth-century race supremacist beliefs which held Europeans/Caucasians to be the highest ranked and most beautiful race.
He proposed a racial typology consisting of five ‘major varieties/races’ of humanity. Johann Friedrich Blumenbach has been called ‘The Father of Physical Anthropology’ because of his pioneering publications describing human racial variation.
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